E-Marketing Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

E-Marketing - Research Paper Example Another trend that that has positively impacted online exchange is the fashionable rise in popularity of 3-G Internet-enabled phones. These phones enable users to access all online social networks, from any part of the globe, through the Worldwide Web. This development has in turn impacted online exchange positively by giving online exchange a broader, more universal scope. According to Circle, no longer should the marketer in San Francisco view his market as his immediate surroundings. Instead, these social networks universalize his merchandise and market as peer groups discuss his products (27). These trends can be ranked as most impacting on several counts. First, the issue of peer groups helping in market segmentation cannot be sidestepped because market segmentation helps identify the needs of the market and sections of the market. Any marketing strategies that do not factor specific needs of the market are set for failure. Secondly, the universalization of the market through aids such as the Worldwide Web and 3-G Internet-enabled phones will help the marketer advertise his products easily and ultimately increase his market

School Girls Essay Example for Free

School Girls Essay In the book School Girls by Peggy Orenstein, the focus is on young adolescent girls in middle school, and the effects that the Hidden Curriculum and other elements have on their self esteem. Hidden Curriculum teaches girls to value silence and compliance. (pg.35) The hidden curriculum is a theory that boys often get more attention than girls in the classroom, and that even if it is negative attention, the girls learn that they are not as important, and they eventually give up hope, and stop speaking out in class. Educators reward assertiveness and aggression over docility, the very behavior that is prized in girls becomes and obstacle to their success.(p.36). This means that while girls are acting the way a teacher would like them to, the boys that are more aggressive get the attention, and the girls lose their self-esteem. Charles L. Richman found that high achieving white girls in particular are subject to unrealistic standards of success. When they fall short, they overgeneralized failures with an intense self-punitiveness; by late adolescence, their self-esteem has spiraled downward. (Pg.38). The focus of sexual harassment is a big one as well. Girls are not taught about sex and contraceptives, and therefore know nothing about their sexual selves. We consciously infuse girls with a sense of shame. (p.57) If we do not teach girls about their bodies, and teach them to be assertive, than sexual harassment will occur. As much as girls repress desire, they embrace desirability. (p.62) .

Self-Interest on the International Stage Essay -- International Relati

Self-Interest on the International Stage A nation’s actions on the world stage can be played in many ways. Whether the role being played is unwanted meddler in other nations’ affairs, supplier of money and aid to countries in despair, or just an ordinary nation trying to keep all of its proverbial ducks in a row, the motivation that drives the plot of international relations is self-interest. Whether the setting is these United States or across the world in the People’s Republic of China, in the theocratic republic of Iran or the military controlled Central African Republic, is doesn’t pay to give something for nothing. Self-interest should not be confused with selfishness, as the two terms are neither interchangeable nor synonymous. Self-interest is â€Å"concern for one’s own advantage and well-being,† and selfishness is extreme self-interest coupled with a disregard for others (Merriam-Webster). It comes in several forms, like economic and political, and is specialized according to each nation and its individual wants and needs. In fact, it is not only possible but actually c...

The Vampire Diaries: The Awakening Chapter Eight

Elena had gone into the bathroom dazed and numbly grateful. She came out angry. She wasn't quite sure how the transformation had taken place. But sometime while she was washing the scratches on her face and arms, annoyed at the lack of a mirror and at the fact she'd left her purse in Tyler's convertible, she startedfeeling again. And what she felt was anger. Damn Stefan Salvatore. So cold and controlled even while saving her life. Damn him for his politeness, and for his gallantry, and for the walls around him that seemed thicker and higher than ever. She pulled the remaining bobby pins out of her hair and used them to fasten the front of her dress together. Then she ran through her loosened hair quickly with an engraved bone comb she found by the sink. She came out of the bathroom with her chin held high and her eyes narrowed. He hadn't put his coat back on. He was standing by the window in his white sweater with bowed head, tense, waiting. Without lifting his head, he gestured to a length of dark velvet laid over the back of a chair. â€Å"You might want to put that on over your dress.† It was a full-length cloak, very rich and soft, with a hood. Elena pulled the heavy material around her shoulders. But she was not mollified by the gift; she noticed that Stefan hadn't come any closer to her, or even looked at her while speaking. Deliberately, she invaded his territorial space, pulling the cloak more tightly about her and feeling, even at that moment, a sensual appreciation of the way the folds fell about her, trailing behind her on the floor. She walked up to him and made an examination of the heavy mahogany dresser by the window. On it lay a wicked-looking dagger with an ivory hilt and a beautiful agate cup mounted in silver. There were also a golden sphere with some sort of dial set into it and several loose gold coins. She picked up one of the coins, partly because it was interesting and partly because she knew it would upset him to see her handling his things. â€Å"What's this?† It was a moment before he answered. Then he said: â€Å"A gold florin. A Florentine coin.† â€Å"And what's this?† â€Å"A German pendant watch. Late fifteenth century,† he said distractedly. He added, â€Å"Elena-† She reached for a small iron coffer with a hinged lid. â€Å"What about this? Does it open?† â€Å"No.† He had the reflexes of a cat; his hand slapped over the coffer, holding the lid down. â€Å"That's private,† he said, the strain obvious in his voice. She noticed that his hand made contact only with the curving iron lid and not with her flesh. She lifted her fingers, and he drew back at once. Suddenly, her anger was too great to hold in any longer. â€Å"Careful,† she said savagely. â€Å"Don't touch me, or you might get a disease.† He turned away toward the window. And yet even as she moved away herself, walking back to the center of the room, she could sense his watching her reflection. And she knew, suddenly, what she must look like to him, pale hair spilling over the blackness of the cape, one white hand holding the velvet closed at her throat. A ravaged princess pacing in her tower. She tilted her head far back to look at the trapdoor in the ceiling, and heard a soft, distinct intake of breath. When she turned, his gaze was fixed on her exposed throat; the look in his eyes confused her. But the next moment his face hardened, closing her out. â€Å"I think,† he said, â€Å"that I had better get you home.† In that instant, she wanted to hurt him, to make him feel as bad as he'd made her feel. But she also wanted the truth. She was tired of this game, tired of scheming and plotting and trying to read Stefan Salvatore's mind. It was terrifying and yet a wonderful relief to hear her own voice saying the words she'd been thinking so long. â€Å"Why do you hate me?† He stared at her. For a moment he couldn't seem to find words. Then he said, â€Å"I don't hate you.† â€Å"You do,† said Elena. â€Å"I know it's not†¦ not good manners to say it, but I don't care. I know I should be grateful to you for saving me tonight, but I don't care about that, either. I didn't ask you to save me. I don't know why you were even in the graveyard in the first place. And I certainly don't understand why you did it, considering the way you feel about me.† He was shaking his head, but his voice was soft. â€Å"I don't hate you.† â€Å"From the very beginning, you've avoided me as if I were†¦ were some kind of leper. I tried to be friendly to you, and you threw it back in my face. Is that what agentleman does when someone tries to welcome him?† He was trying to say something now, but she swept on, heedless. â€Å"You've snubbed me in public time after time; you've humiliated me at school. You wouldn't be speaking to me now if it hadn't been a matter of life or death. Is that what it takes to get a word out of you? Does someone have to nearly be murdered? â€Å"And even now,† she continued bitterly, â€Å"you don't want me to get anywhere near you. What's the matter with you, Stefan Salvatore, that you have to live this way? That you have to build walls against other people to keep them out? That you can't trust anyone?What's wrong with you ?† He was silent now, his face averted. She took a deep breath and then straightened her shoulders, holding her head up even though her eyes were sore and burning. â€Å"And what's wrong withme ,† she added, more quietly, â€Å"that you can't even look at me, but you can let Caroline Forbes fall all over you? I have a right to know that, at least. I won't ever bother you again, I won't even talk to you at school, but I want to know the truth before I go. Why do you hate me so much, Stefan?† Slowly, he turned and raised his head. His eyes were bleak, sightless, and something twisted in Elena at the pain she saw on his face. His voice was still controlled-but barely. She could hear the effort it cost him to keep it steady. â€Å"Yes,† he said, â€Å"I think you do have a right to know. Elena.† He looked at her then, meeting her eyes directly, and she thought, That bad? What could be as bad as that? â€Å"I don't hate you,† he continued, pronouncing each word carefully, distinctly. â€Å"I've never hated you. But you†¦ remind me of someone.† Elena was taken aback. Whatever she'd expected, it wasn't this. â€Å"I remind you of someone else you know?† â€Å"Of someone I knew,† he said quietly. â€Å"But,† he added slowly, as if puzzling something out for himself, â€Å"you're not like her, really. She looked like you, but she was fragile, delicate. Vulnerable. Inside as well as out.† â€Å"And I'm not.† He made a sound that would have been a laugh if there had been any humor in it. â€Å"No. You're a fighter. You are†¦ yourself.† Elena was silent for a moment. She could not keep hold of her anger, seeing the pain on his face. â€Å"You were very close to her?† â€Å"Yes.† â€Å"What happened?† There was a long pause, so long that Elena thought he wasn't going to answer her. But at last he said, â€Å"She died.† Elena let out a tremulous breath. The last of her anger folded up and disappeared from under her. â€Å"That must have hurt terribly,† she said softly, thinking of the white Gilbert headstone among the rye grass. â€Å"I'm so sorry.† He said nothing. His face had closed again, and he seemed to be looking far away at something, something terrible and heartbreaking that only he could see. But there was not just grief in his expression. Through the walls, through all his trembling control, she could see the tortured look of unbearable guilt and loneliness. A look so lost and haunted that she had moved to his side before she knew what she was doing. â€Å"Stefan,† she whispered. He didn't seem to hear her; he seemed to be adrift in his own world of misery. She could not stop herself from laying a hand on his arm. â€Å"Stefan, I know how it can hurt-† â€Å"You can't know,† he exploded, all his quietness erupting into white rage. He looked down at her hand as if just realizing it was there, as if infuriated at her effrontery in touching him. His green eyes were dilated and dark as he shook her hand off, flinging a hand up to bar her from touching him again- -and somehow, instead, he was holding her hand, his fingers tightly interlocked with hers, hanging on for dear life. He looked down at their locked hands in bewilderment. Then, slowly, his gaze moved from their clasping fingers to her face. â€Å"Elena†¦Ã¢â‚¬  he whispered. And then she saw it, the anguish shattering his gaze, as if he simply couldn't fight any longer. The defeat as the walls finally crumbled and she saw what was underneath. And then, helplessly, he bent his head down to her lips. â€Å"Wait-stop here,† said Bonnie. â€Å"I thought I saw something.† Matt's battered Ford slowed, edging toward the side of the road, where brambles and bushes grew thickly. Something white glimmered there, coming toward them. â€Å"Oh, my God,† said Meredith. â€Å"It's Vickie Bennett.† The girl stumbled into the path of the headlights and stood there, wavering, as Matt hit the brakes. Her light-brown hair was tangled and in disarray, and her eyes stared glassily out of a face that was smudged and grimy with dirt. She was wearing only a thin white slip. â€Å"Get her in the car,† said Matt. Meredith was already opening the car door. She jumped out and ran up to the dazed girl. â€Å"Vickie, are you all right? What happened to you?† Vickie moaned, still looking straight ahead. Then she suddenly seemed to see Meredith, and she clutched at her, digging her nails into Meredith's arms. â€Å"Get out of here,† she said, her eyes filled with desperate intensity, her voice strange and thick, as if she had something in her mouth. â€Å"All of you-get out of here! It's coming.† â€Å"What's coming? Vickie, where is Elena?† â€Å"Get outnow . †¦Ã¢â‚¬  Meredith looked down the road, then led the shaking girl back to the car. â€Å"We'll take you away,† she said, â€Å"but you have to tell us what's happened. Bonnie, give me your wrap. She's freezing.† â€Å"She's been hurt,† said Matt grimly. â€Å"And she's in shock or something. The question is, where are the others? Vickie, was Elena with you?† Vickie sobbed, putting her hands over her face as Meredith settled Bonnie's iridescent pink wrap around her shoulders. â€Å"No†¦ Dick,† she said indistinctly. It seemed to hurt her to speak. â€Å"We were in the church†¦ it was horrible. It came†¦ like mist all around. Dark mist. And eyes. I saw its eyes in the dark there, burning. They burnt me†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"She's delirious,† said Bonnie. â€Å"Or hysterical, or whatever you call it.† Matt spoke slowly and clearly. â€Å"Vickie, please, just tell us one thing. Where is Elena? What happened to her?† â€Å"I don't know .† Vickie lifted a tear-stained face to the sky. â€Å"Dick and I-we were alone. We were†¦ and then suddenly it was all around us. I couldn't run. Elena said the tomb had opened. Maybe that was where it came from. It was horrible†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"They were in the cemetery, in the ruined church,† Meredith interpreted. â€Å"And Elena was with them. And look at this.† In the overhead light, they could all see the deep fresh scratches running down Vickie's neck to the lace bodice of her slip. â€Å"They look like animal marks,† said Bonnie. â€Å"Like the marks of cat's claws, maybe.† â€Å"No cat got that old man under the bridge,† said Matt. His face was pale, and muscles stood out in his jaw. Meredith followed his gaze down the road and then shook her head. â€Å"Matt, we have to take her back first. We have to,† she said. â€Å"Listen to me, I'm as worried about Elena as you are. But Vickie needs a doctor, and we need to call the police. We don't have any choice. We have to go back.† Matt stared down the road for another long moment, then let out his breath in a hiss. Slamming the door shut, he put the car into gear and turned it around, each motion violent. All the way back to town, Vickie moaned about the eyes. Elena felt Stefan's lips meet hers. And†¦ it was as simple as that. All questions answered, all fears put to rest, all doubts removed. What she felt was not merely passion, but a bruising tenderness and a love so strong it made her shake inside. It would have been frightening in its intensity, except that while she was with him, she could not be afraid of anything. She had come home. This was where she belonged, and she had found it at last. With Stefan, she was home. He pulled back slightly, and she could feel that he was trembling. â€Å"Oh, Elena,† he whispered against her lips. We can't- â€Å"We already have,† she whispered, and drew him back down again. It was almost as if she could hear his thoughts, could feel his feelings. Pleasure and desire raced between them, connecting them, drawing them closer. And Elena sensed, too, a wellspring of deeper emotions within him. He wanted to hold her forever, to protect her from all harm. He wanted to defend her from any evil that threatened her. He wanted to join his life with hers. She felt the tender pressure of his lips on hers, and she could hardly bear the sweetness of it. Yes , she thought. Sensation rippled through her like waves on a still, clear pond. She was drowning in it, both the joy she sensed in Stefan and the delicious answering surge in herself. Stefan's love bathed her, shone through her, lighting every dark place in her soul like the sun. She trembled with pleasure, with love, and with longing. He drew back slowly, as if he could not bear to part from her, and they looked into each other's eyes with wondering joy. They did not speak. There was no need for words. He stroked her hair, with a touch so light that she could scarcely feel it, as if he was afraid she might break in his hands. She knew, then, that it had not been hatred that had made him avoid her for so long. No, it had not been hatred at all. Elena had no idea how much later it was that they quietly went down the stairs of the boarding house. At any other time, she would have been thrilled to get into Stefan's sleek black car, but tonight she scarcely noticed it. He held her hand as they drove through the deserted streets. The first thing Elena saw as they approached her house was the lights. â€Å"It's the police,† she said, finding her voice with some difficulty. It was odd to talk after being silent so long. â€Å"And that's Robert's car in the driveway, and there's Matt's,† she said. She looked at Stefan, and the peace that had filled her suddenly seemed fragile. â€Å"I wonder what happened. You don't suppose Tyler's already told them†¦ ?† â€Å"Even Tyler wouldn't be that stupid,† said Stefan. He pulled up behind one of the police cars, and reluctantly Elena unclasped her hand from his. She wished with all her heart that she and Stefan could just be alone together, that they would never need to face the world. But there was no help for it. They walked up the pathway to the door, which was open. Inside, the house was a blaze of lights. Entering, Elena saw what seemed like dozens of faces turned toward her. She had a sudden vision of what she must look like, standing there in the doorway in the sweeping black velvet cloak, with Stefan Salvatore at her side. And then Aunt Judith gave a cry and was holding her in her arms, shaking her and hugging her all at once. â€Å"Elena! Oh, thank God you're safe. But where have you been? And why didn't you call? Do you realize what you've put everyone through?† Elena stared around the room in bewilderment. She didn't understand a thing. â€Å"We're just glad to see you back,† said Robert. â€Å"I've been at the boarding house, with Stefan,† she said slowly. â€Å"Aunt Judith, this is Stefan Salvatore; he rents a room there. He brought me back.† â€Å"Thank you,† said Aunt Judith to Stefan over Elena's head. Then, pulling back to look at Elena, she said, â€Å"But your dress, your hair-what happened?† â€Å"You don't know? Then Tyler didn't tell you. But then why are the police here?† Elena edged toward Stefan instinctively, and she felt him move closer to her in protection. â€Å"They're here because Vickie Bennett was attacked in the cemetery tonight,† said Matt. He and Bonnie and Meredith were standing behind Aunt Judith and Robert, looking relieved and a little awkward and more than a little tired. â€Å"We found her maybe two, three hours ago, and we've been looking for you ever since.† â€Å"Attacked?† said Elena, stunned. â€Å"Attacked by what?† â€Å"Nobody knows,† said Meredith. â€Å"Well, now, it may be nothing to worry about,† said Robert comfortingly. â€Å"The doctor said she'd had a bad scare, and that she'd been drinking. The whole thing may have been in her imagination.† â€Å"Those scratches weren't imaginary,† said Matt, polite but stubborn. â€Å"What scratches? What are you talking about?† Elena demanded, looking from one face to another. â€Å"I'll tell you,† said Meredith, and she explained, succinctly, how she and the others had found Vickie. â€Å"She kept saying she didn't know where you were, that she was alone with Dick when it happened. And when we got her back here, the doctor said he couldn't find anything conclusive. She wasn't really hurt except for the scratches, and they could have been from a cat.† â€Å"There were no other marks on her?† said Stefan sharply. It was the first time he'd spoken since entering the house, and Elena looked at him, surprised by his tone. â€Å"No,† said Meredith. â€Å"Of course, a cat didn't tear her clothes off-but Dick might have. Oh, and her tongue was bitten.† â€Å"What?† said Elena. â€Å"Badly bitten, I mean. It must have bled a lot, and it hurts her to talk now.† Beside Elena, Stefan had gone very still. â€Å"Did she have any explanation for what happened?† â€Å"She was hysterical,† Matt said. â€Å"Really hysterical; she wasn't making any sense. She kept babbling about eyes and dark mist and not being able to run-which is why the doctor thinks maybe it was some sort of hallucination. But as far as anyone can make out, the facts are that she and Dick Carter were in the ruined church by the cemetery at about midnight, and that something came in and attacked her there.† Bonnie added, â€Å"It didn't attack Dick, which at least shows it had, some taste. The police found him passed out on the church floor, and he doesn't remember a thing.† But Elena scarcely heard the last words. Something had gone terribly wrong with Stefan. She couldn't tell how she knew it, but she knew. He had stiffened as Matt finished speaking, and now, though he hadn't moved, she felt as if a great distance was separating them, as if she and he were on opposite sides of a rifting, cracking floe of ice. He said, in the terribly controlled voice she had heard before in his room, â€Å"In the church, Matt?† â€Å"Yes, in the ruined church,† Matt said. â€Å"And you're sure she said it was midnight?† â€Å"She couldn't be positive, but it must have been sometime around then. We found her not long after. Why?† Stefan said nothing. Elena could feel the gulf between them widening. â€Å"Stefan,† she whispered. Then, aloud, she said desperately, â€Å"Stefan, what is it?† He shook his head. Don't shut me out, she thought, but he wouldn't even look at her. â€Å"Will she live?† he asked abruptly. â€Å"The doctor said there was nothing much wrong with her,† Matt said. â€Å"Nobody's even suggested she might die.† Stefan's nod was abrupt; then he turned to Elena. â€Å"I've got to go,† he said. â€Å"You're safe now.† She caught his hand as he turned away. â€Å"Of course I'm safe,† she said. â€Å"Because of you.† â€Å"Yes,† he said. But there was no response in his eyes. They were shielded, dull. â€Å"Call me tomorrow.† She squeezed his hand, trying to convey what she felt under the scrutiny of all those watching eyes. She willed him to understand. He looked down at their hands with no expression at all, then, slowly, back up at her. And then, at last, he returned the pressure of her fingers. â€Å"Yes, Elena,† he whispered, his eyes clinging to hers. The next minute he was gone. She took a deep breath and turned back to the crowded room. Aunt Judith was still hovering, her gaze fixed on what could be seen of Elena's torn dress underneath the cloak. â€Å"Elena,† she said, â€Å"whathappened ?† And her eyes went to the door through which Stefan had just left. A sort of hysterical laughter surged up in Elena's throat, and she choked it back. â€Å"Stefan didn't do it,† she said. â€Å"Stefan saved me.† She felt her face harden, and she looked at the police officer behind Aunt Judith. â€Å"It was Tyler, Tyler Smallwood†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 

Confucionism vs Legalism Essay

Amidst the chaos of political instability and constant warfare during ChinaÊ ¼s Period of Warring States, two new philosophies emerged. Legalism and Confucianism were two of the philosophies intellectual thinkers developed to try and stop the mayhem of China before it could be conquered by a greater nation. â€Å"Confucianism became the paramount school of thinking and later signiï ¬ cant philosophies such as and Legalism gained immense recognition as well. Each party had their own proposals for creating an idealistic political society where the many problems they faced in their everyday lives could be eliminated.† Both approaches were very distinct, but at the same time they contained certain similarities as well. Confucianism disfavored a harsh government. Confucius urged to lead the people with virtue and rituals as opposed to government policies and punishments. He believed that the ruler should gain respect through his deeds rather than achieving it through his status and authority. Confucianists disliked government that employed killing and wished for a non aggressive rule. They believed individuals should foster compassion, humility and moderation for a successful society, whereas Legalism believed the people should be controlled by fear and aggression. Legalists had a ruthless approach to crimes and even the smallest of unlawful acts resulted in harsh punishment. Legalism and Confucianism both provided structure and stability for the time they were used. Out of Legalism and Confucianism, Legalism was a success in the sense that it achieved what the other desperately strove for – the uniï ¬ cation of China. Even though it only lasted twelve years. â€Å"Many of the Legalist ideas were quite thought provoking and praiseworthy; they believed in equality for all and government according to merit. However, the system gained a rotten reputation according to the ruthless rule of the First  Emperor. Confucianism thus became the ofï ¬ cial Philosophy, gaining wide acceptance in China.† The Confucian and Legalist governments had very different morals in which their people should be treated. In Confucian government a ruler had to lead by example and be an overall virtuous person for his subjects to obey him. Government existed for the  beneï ¬ t of the people, not the other way around. People should love each other and treat everyone with respect. In Legalist government the people are there to serve the government. People are ruled by fear and violence. Citizen should not focus on being loving and caring. Instead, they should spy on everyone around them and report and law breaking. â€Å"According to them, a strong rule with a strict hand was necessary in order to keep the citizens from growing lazy and disrespecting the authority.† â€Å"One central issue which interested ancient Chinese thinkers was how to regulate human relations and how to govern a country.† Under the Qin dynasty Legalism achieved what many other philosophies wished- control and uniï ¬ cation of China. Similarities united the two because they had a single goal, but different strategies to fulï ¬ ll it. After multiple rebellions against Legalist rule, Confucianism dominated the competition and accomplished the structure and stability that was needed for a successful and evolving civilization. Site used: http://www.international-relations.com/wbcm5-1/wbrule.htm

Free Essays on Julius Caesar

Caesar was born into the Julian gens, one of Rome's oldest patrician families. He was often a member of the more popular Democratic Party. He benefitted from the patronage of his uncle by marriage, Caius Marius. In 82 B.C. he refused to divorce Cornelia, the wealthy daughter of Cornelius Cinna, he was proscribed and he fled from Rome. He returned in 78 B.C. when Sulla died and began his political career. He quickly gained popularity, and in 74 B.C. he went to repulse a Cappadocian army. When he returned he helped advance the position of Pompey, the virtual head of the popular party. Caesar gained the status of military tribune before 70 B.C. and was quaestor in farther Spain in 69 B.C. He aided Pompey in gaining complete control of the war in the East. When he returned to Rome in 68 B.C. he was recognized as the head of the popular party in Pompey?s absence. His praise of Marius and Cinna made him popular with the people, but in return he earned the hatred of the Senate. In 63 B.C. he was elected pontifex maximus {high priest}, allegedly by heavy bribes. Later he reformed the calendar, which was one of the greatest contributions of history. Between 81 and 79 Caesar served on the personal staff of Marcus Minucius Thermus, who was praetor in Asia Minor. When Sulla died (78) Caesar felt it safe to go back to Italy. There he took up the profession of criminal law. That was a normal thing to do, while Caesar stayed far from politics. In 75 He went to Rhodes for higher learning, and was caught by pirates who were asking the usual tariff. He raised the prize and promised to kill his captors. After Ransom was paid Caesar got some ships and crucified the pirates. He then continued his studies but they were again interrupted when Mithridates of Pontus attacked Asia Minor a second time (74). On his own funds and will raised a small army to defend some towns, giving the official roman commander Lucullus time to organi... Free Essays on Julius Caesar Free Essays on Julius Caesar In the tragedy of Julius Caesar, after the death of Caesar both Brutus and Antony spoke at Caesar’s funeral. Brutus finished his speech trying to convince the crowd that they did the right thing to kill Caesar because he was ambitious. Antony then enters with Caesar’s corpse awaiting his turn to speak to the Roman citizens. Antony begins by praising Caesar even though he claims that his intent is not to praise him, but to speak as a friend at Caesar’s funeral. As he continues to speak, it is clear that Antony uses physical evidence and emotions so the crowd can be persuaded to help in getting revenge for Caesars death. Antony praises Caesar even though he claims that his intent is not to praise but to speak as a friend. Antony says â€Å". . . when that the poor have cried, Caesar hath wept –â€Å" to let the citizens think that Caesar loved them. He used rhetorical sentences to play with the citizens’ minds. â€Å". . . If I were disposed to stir your hearts and minds to mutiny and rage I should do Brutus wrong and Cassius wrong.† He says this in order to prove Brutus and Cassius wrong without making himself look like he is going against them. Antony pretends to like the conspirators so that they do not kill him so that he can get revenge for Caesar’s death. Antony tells them that he is not trying to convince them to go against the conspirators, but that is what he is doing by using physical evidence. It becomes clear that Antony understands the feelings of the mob because he knows what they want and what they are expecting. He cries and one the citizens has sympathy towards him which then convinces the rest of the citizens to feel the same. Antony used physical evidence and emotions, which persuaded them to go against the conspirators. â€Å"But here’s a parchment with the seal of Caesar- I found it in his closet- ‘tis his will.† but he then says he will not read it. Antony menti... Free Essays on Julius Caesar Julius Caesar – Power In William Shakespeare’s play, Julius Caesar, a group of men conspire to assassinate Caesar; a man they feel will destroy the Roman Empire if he is given such power. They feel he is not worthy of being an emperor. They are worried about the corruptive abuse of so much power. These men are also driven by the desire of having more power. William Gaddis said, â€Å"Power does not corrupt people; people corrupt power.†(Gaddis, William). Qtd. In Sweeney, K. Power Statements. Lecture Handout, English I. Lawrenceville: Notre Dame High School, 6 May 2002. This is clear in Julius Caesar. The desire and fear of power corrupt every character. The conspirators fear they will lose their free will and live under a tyrant. They also have the desire to increase their own power. Brutus, a close friend of Caesar, chooses to kill Caesar to prevent the fall of the Empire. He believes it is only for the good of the country and that he knows Caesar will become corrupted by power but ambition and praise also turn around his head. Caesar proves his conspirators right by becoming the tyrant they feared. Power and corruption play a big role in this story. As Brutus struggled with the decision of whether or not to join Cassius and kill his friend Caesar, he made a statement about Caesar’s character. â€Å"But tis a common proof. That lowliness is young ambition’s ladder, Whereto the climber-upward turns his face; But when he once attains the upmost round. He then unto the ladder turns his back; Looks in the clouds, scorning the base degrees: By which he did ascend†¦(II, I, 22-27). In this statement, he means that he believes if Caesar climbs the ladder to power, he will certainly rule as a dictator disregarding the common people as insignificant. As much as Brutus might truly believe this to be true about his friend, Brutus also gets caught up in the lure of power. He becomes easily swayed when Cassius flatters Brutus in his effort ... Free Essays on Julius Caesar Caesar was born into the Julian gens, one of Rome's oldest patrician families. He was often a member of the more popular Democratic Party. He benefitted from the patronage of his uncle by marriage, Caius Marius. In 82 B.C. he refused to divorce Cornelia, the wealthy daughter of Cornelius Cinna, he was proscribed and he fled from Rome. He returned in 78 B.C. when Sulla died and began his political career. He quickly gained popularity, and in 74 B.C. he went to repulse a Cappadocian army. When he returned he helped advance the position of Pompey, the virtual head of the popular party. Caesar gained the status of military tribune before 70 B.C. and was quaestor in farther Spain in 69 B.C. He aided Pompey in gaining complete control of the war in the East. When he returned to Rome in 68 B.C. he was recognized as the head of the popular party in Pompey?s absence. His praise of Marius and Cinna made him popular with the people, but in return he earned the hatred of the Senate. In 63 B.C. he was elected pontifex maximus {high priest}, allegedly by heavy bribes. Later he reformed the calendar, which was one of the greatest contributions of history. Between 81 and 79 Caesar served on the personal staff of Marcus Minucius Thermus, who was praetor in Asia Minor. When Sulla died (78) Caesar felt it safe to go back to Italy. There he took up the profession of criminal law. That was a normal thing to do, while Caesar stayed far from politics. In 75 He went to Rhodes for higher learning, and was caught by pirates who were asking the usual tariff. He raised the prize and promised to kill his captors. After Ransom was paid Caesar got some ships and crucified the pirates. He then continued his studies but they were again interrupted when Mithridates of Pontus attacked Asia Minor a second time (74). On his own funds and will raised a small army to defend some towns, giving the official roman commander Lucullus time to organi...

Essay Sample on Scholarships in the Community Services

Essay Sample on Scholarships in the Community Services To become involved in community service, an individual should first acquire the kind of education that will provide the skills needed in carrying out a community service. Given that community service is a wide field, it is important that when seeking an education, one should specialize in the field of community service in which one plans to work. The field of community service that I am interested in is helping individuals to develop parenting skills. Parenting can be very rewarding; it can also be very frustrating if one is not prepared to have children. There is very little training that is offered to expectant mothers and fathers, and very few people seek training before deciding to become parents. This has resulted in a situation where parenting skills are taken for granted. By providing parenting education through community service, perhaps I will be able to offer parents and those who intend to become parents, the kind of knowledge that will enable them to carry out their parental roles in a positive, nurturing manner. One of the areas of parenting that I am especially interested in is infant care. Infant care begins with good prenatal care. Expectant mothers and those planning to become pregnant could attend classes on good eating habits, appropriate exercise, and the importance of doctor care and prenatal vitamins. I could develop a number of pamphlets on these topics, start a blog for those who have access to the Internet, and establish a phone helpline. I could also develop a website with a list of online resources, including addresses and telephone numbers. This information would be included in the pamphlets, as well. Furthermore, I could invite obstetricians to discuss with groups of expectant mothers what to expect during the trimesters of their pregnancies, as well as during birth. Furthermore, I could develop parenting classes for parents of children in certain age groups, like babies, toddlers, preschoolers, etc. The topics related to parenting are endless. Throughout my career in serving parents, I would continuously take courses, read studies, attend workshops, and develop both materials and instructional workshops for mothers, dads, as well as different kinds of family structures. Subjects would be wide-range, including how to establish at-home routines for doing homework, eating a healthy dinner, bath-time, and bedtime. Topics for older children could also be developed, such as dealing with sibling rivalry, determining when a child is old enough to complete household chores and what kinds of chores are appropriate at what age. Topics could also include the blending of two families into one when a parent marries someone. Overall, I am excited at the opportunity of serving a community by helping it be stronger through strengthening the family unit. Tips for writing: Since this is a scholarship essay for community service, the reader expects the writer to provide reasons why the reader should grant the writer a scholarship in community service. These reasons should include the field of community service that one is interested in and also an explanation of what one plans to do with the knowledge acquired from the institution once the applicant is granted the scholarship and then graduates from the college. In this case, the writers’ choice with regards to community service is providing support to expectant and existing parents in having healthy babies and raising well-adjusted children. Are you going to buy a scholarship essay on this topic? Our custom essay writing service can provide you with a 100% original scholarship essay about community service.

How to write a salary increase request letter (with examples)

How to write a salary increase request letter (with examples) You’ve been plugging along at your job, picking up responsibilities, and rocking it for a while now- and even if you don’t have an annual review coming up for a while, maybe you feel like it’s time to start thinking about a raise. But unless you’re a seasoned negotiator, that may be no small task. If you don’t feel ready to sit down with your boss and talk it out, it’s best to start with a basic pay raise request letter or email to get the process started. Why to put your salary request in writingMost negotiation tips are created with a face-to-face interaction in mind- how to use effective body language, how to use active listening strategies, and how to frame your verbal request. However if you’re not quite at that stage yet, putting your request in writing gives you a chance to collect your strongest talking points (and spin them exactly how you want to) without having to worry about the ebb and flow of a negotiation conversation. I t’s also a paper trail, for better or worse, which can help you later.What to include in your letterAlways start with a friendly professional greeting and some background about your history in your job or with your company.For example:Hi Phil,As you know, I’ve been with the company for two years now, and I find it to be a challenging and rewarding environment every day. I have become a crucial member of the marketing team, working on initiatives that have increased our productivity and improved our results.Once you’ve set the tone, it’s time to touch on the specific achievements that you think merit a raise. You don’t need to go into great detail on each one- succinct, specific bullet points are the way to go. The letter shouldn’t be a long slog for the reader. Instead, think of it as a highlight reel.For example:In my time here, I have made significant contributions to the team’s success, including:Implementing a new SEO program that increased web traffic by 15%Improving social media response time by an average of 20 minutesDeveloping a promotional program that uses giveaways to increase brand awareness and customer engagementThen tell ‘em what you came for: what you’re seeking, and why. When you’re writing this, be sure to stay focused on your own achievements and growth. It’s not about what your colleagues get or what you feel like you’re owed- it’s about building a case for your value to the company.For example:I’ve exceeded the goals that were set out for me when I was hired, and I believe that going above and beyond my existing role merits a pay raise of 5%. This is in line with the industry standard for someone of my experience in this kind of role, especially with the goals I’ve met and exceeded in my time here.Again, this should be straight to the point. You should definitely have a number in mind, even if you don’t feel comfortable spelling it out as a starting point. Before you even start writing your request, do your research: check out sites like Salary.com or Glassdoor to see what people like you are making throughout the industry. If you make an unreasonable request, it could shut down your negotiation before it even really starts.Next, having made your initial pitch, it’s time to start wrapping up your letter. Offer to set up some time to talk about this in person or ask to talk about it in a standard one-on-one meeting with your boss.For example:I look forward to speaking with you in more depth in our next monthly meeting, and am excited about the projects we have on the horizon.Best,Jo Your letter doesn’t have to be hyper-formal, especially if you have a fairly casual relationship with your boss. But it should always be direct, polite, and professional. Even if you’re buddies with your boss, now is not the time for jokes or sarcasm. This letter or email should show you at your career best, and highlight you as a competent and productive professional.The note you write now will help set the tone for the negotiations to come and help you pull your thoughts together to ensure that you’re in a good position to get the raise you deserve.Good luck!

Wingtip Toys Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Wingtip Toys - Assignment Example Thus, the notion of keeping in touch with all the hardware and software changes all around the globe are the leading driving factors to organizations maintaining their day-to-day updates on Information Technology. One of the major software advancements that go hand in hand with changes in network configurations of several organizations is the Windows Server (Stair & Reynolds, 2012). Windows Server, a server-based operating system provided by the Microsoft Corporation. It offers a significant number of useful services to its targeted users. Among the major uses of Windows Server is the general feature of providing users with a front end where they can perform their daily activities as regards application management and surfing the Internet (Stair & Reynolds, 2012). Furthermore, Windows provides the capability for users to play games or make controls on online applications that are based on other servers usually over the satellite. Over the last few decades, Windows Server 2003 was the most widely used in performing the aforementioned activities all around the globe.... The new one usually focuses on solving major problems that exist in the earlier versions. On the basis of the advancements in features and capabilities in Windows Server 8 Wingtip Toys aims to take a thorough analysis of the Strengths, Weaknesses, and Opportunities and Threats (SWOT) that form the fundamental aspects of this System software. For any network administrator, SWOT analysis of a new hardware or software acts as the focal point to determining the capability of the new feature to meet the expected network security standards in an organization and as per the globally accepted characteristic of a safe networking environment (Dulaney, 2011). As mentioned earlier, Windows Server 2008 is system software of which it will be expected to aid in smoothening the networking activities that go around in Wingtip Toys business organizations and specifically in its need to be connected over satellite based network servers. Thus, the notion of performing a thorough SWOT analysis by a netwo rk administrator is driven solely by the urge of maintaining a secure network environment for the organization (Dulaney, 2011). The (SWOT) Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis is basically built on the idea of figuring out whether or not Windows Server 2008 is more feasible compared to Windows Server 2003. It is basically clear that since Wingtip Toys greatly makes use of the internet in the performance of daily activities, then network security is at the forefront in enhancing security of the hardware devices and Software applications that are used by its clients (Dulaney, 2011). Windows Server 2008 comes in as an upgrade to

Finance is an important sector in the business environment Essay

Finance is an important sector in the business environment - Essay Example Limits to arbitrage A limit of arbitrage is the maintenance of price at non-equilibrium for a certain period due to the restriction of funds. The market sets prices for given products which when they go low due to mispricing traders experience a low-risk profit assumes that whenever the mispricing of the public stocks. Rational firms work with professional money management firms to ensure the proper management of other people’s money. The low risk profit generates from rational traders if the equilibrium. If firms engage in arbitrage in a reaction bid, it leads to a stock mispricing extending for a period. Clients withdraw from investing as they anticipate a loss by investing. To ensure the funds are delivered on time, a manager must anticipate a loss while stabilizing a sale. A threat of this action on the corporate society works with the finance industry to supply the stock, development, manufacture, and distribution. Corporate and shareholders work together to form an ancil lary business help in different stages in the supply. The finance industry deals with health hence it is about people. The industry is beneficial to the public hence remains important to the public. Products and services have saved millions of lives over the years. The profit expectancy increases with lowered losses by situations such as market fluctuations and poor investment planning (Davidson, Goldstein and Kenney 56). 2.1. Market efficiency Money put in the stock market is supposed to generate return on the capital invested. Investors try to make a profit while ensuring that they outperform the current market. Market efficiency comes with formulating efficient market efficiency. Market controls the new entrants in terms of products and services. Introduction of new products gives the option to people to live better lives enjoying a longer life. In developed countries, marketing has enhanced the spread of marketing methods such as sales people, and print advertising, which domina ted the advertising industry decades ago. The success of marketing growth attributes to the investments put into the industry. Businesses work with investment industry to offer investments care to clients. This is under the law as it involves business remains responsible for the stock market provided to the public. Segmentation of the drug market rates using geography and demography also assists individuals to reach available stock for sale. The profiles of markets in developing and developed countries offer a difference in the methods of analysis. Non-communicable products form a segment for businesses to invest in. investing in the medical areas brings a safe haven for patients. For instance, products in the medical industry such as diabetes, obesity and respiratory products, and cardiovascular products have different markets compared to other products including marketing and efficiency (Francis 117). 2.2. Theory The theory of efficient marketing in behavioral finance changes the thinking methodology towards investment. The studies affect the cognitive, emotional and social economic decisions made by individuals. Rationality and equilibrium in neoclassical economics is a vast understanding of both micro and macroeconomics. The reaction of individual and firms towards purchase highly depends on the capability to provide vast information on the given trends. The paper will give a detailed study on

When I was a Kid.The most important piece of advice in my life Essay

When I was a Kid.The most important piece of advice in my life - Essay Example As a child I acted as if I was in my own little world and did not seem to care about anyone else. However, there is one memory that is so vivid in my mind because I remember it was the day when I received the most important piece of advice in all my life. My father said to me that it did not matter how many times I fell to the ground, but what was really important were the number of times I picked myself back up and continued on with the same determination that I once had as a young child. The first time I remember these words of advice coming in handy was when I joined my first soccer team. I was the smallest kid on the team and it showed through my lack of enthusiasm to tackle some of the other players. It did not matter to me that I was the smallest player because what I lacked in size I sure made up with grit and determination. Because of my stature within the team, both figuratively and literally, I had to work hard to even get noticed, whereas other players seemed to have a muc h easier job getting the attention of the coach. There was one time that I remember just like it was yesterday. I was sent onto the field to play a game during a thunderstorm. My team was trailing and I was expected to change the course of the game for my team. At one stage the ball fell to me right in front of the opposing goal but I slipped during the moment I had a chance to become a hero. I felt so disappointed that I had let the team down, but ultimately I was dismayed with myself. Even though the field was very slippery that day, I could not blame the poor weather conditions for falling to score the goal. I picked myself up and wiped all the dirt and mud off my face. As I was doing that, I could hear my father whisper those words of advice in my ear. I knew then that I had to make a choice, and I chose to forget about what happened and continue like the incident had never occurred. I threw myself at every ball that came near me and I was determined to turn the game around for my team. At the end of the game, we had turned things around. The game was won and I felt vindicated for choosing to forget about what happened and focus on the task at hand. As I was walking off the field, I glanced toward my father and saw him nod in approval. Another time where my father's words of advice proved invaluable was when I was failing some of my courses at school. I admit that I did not put in the effort required in order to do well, but this does not mean that I did not care about my schoolwork. I could have chosen the path of continuing to be toward the lower end of my class academically, but I decided to put in place some steps that would help me to improve my grades. First of all, I asked questions of the teachers whenever I was unsure about something or did not understand it fully. I began to take notes during class and I would go over them in my spare time. There were occasions when I even stayed back after school to study some of the subjects that I was doing po orly in. It took me about a semester to pull up my grades, but I think it was worth it in the end. There was a lot of hard work involved, and I had to change my attitude toward learning. Admitting weakness and seeking out improvement is not an easy thing to accomplish, but the words of my father helped me to see that I had the option of turning things around and that is what I did. Since I was a child, I would say that I am still similar in many ways; however, one thing that has changed has been that I am much more focuser now than I ever was. I have done this by setting achievable goals and then putting plans in motion that will help me to accomplish them. As my father once said, the times you fall are not important, it is only the times you get back up that

Essay about Kant, Hume or Aristotle Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

About Kant, Hume or Aristotle - Essay Example Hume’s opinion, what individuals strongly feel about as being good, right and moral is what actually defines what is right and what is wrong, as opposed to them feeling obliged to do something right without their will just because it is thought to be the right thing. If we analyze both these arguments in isolation, they are both valid to an extent. However, from the perspective of morality, Kant’s categorical imperatives formulate a stronger argument than Hume’s teachings. Starting from the basics, Kant’s critique of Hume’s theories has led him to label them as not really moral theories on the grounds that they do not give an individual a sense of direction as to what he actually is supposed (â€Å"ought†) to do under a particular situation. If we go a little deeper and start by understanding what a moral theory is supposed to do then we can either justify or nullify Kant’s criticism. Morality, in a very descriptive context refers to a set of rules put forward either by a society, religion or conferred upon an individual upon himself by himself. However, on the normative side, morality is a set of rules that is agreed upon by all individuals unanimously (Gert, 2011)1. Under this definition, we can vividly see that Kant’s criticism is in perfect synchronization with his arguments against Hume’s teachings since the normative definition of morality, is more or less a variant of Kant’s categorical imperativ es. If on the other hand, Kant would have based his argument on some grounds other than morality, then it might have been easier to refute his ideology. Kant stresses that human beings are given the status of God’s most supreme creations for their ability to reason. It is this ability to reason which differentiates human beings from animals and other creations of God. A man tries to come to a conclusion after putting some thought into the process and weighing some pros and cons, that is the point of differentiation between a man and the rest of

Critical analysis of SECI Model of knowledge creation Essay

Critical analysis of SECI Model of knowledge creation - Essay Example Along with that, different types of strategies practiced by the team members to manage knowledge both within and outside the organization departments. Knowledge creation and sharing is essential for success in any organizational growth and development. Many organizations are now managing knowledge in innovative ways to increase productivity (Nonaka, 1990). As proposed by Nonaka and Takeuchi, the SECI model is an exclusively influential model in the management of knowledge in communities and organization, just like its inventors constantly claim of its collective legitimacy. On the other hand, some contemporary literatures defy their judgment. This paper aims to critically analyse the effectiveness of the SECI Model of knowledge creation while continuing the discussion and exploring the limits of its applicability. Ikujiro Nonaka has been a great contributor to the SECI model of knowledge creation. He explained the various concepts of knowledge, both explicit and tacit. He focused on the way many western firms relied on the explicit knowledge concept. He partnered with Takeuchi and together they developed a SECI model that would go on to be an important aspect of knowledge creation. Initially, Nonaka (1994) proposed a two dimensional theory referring to creating knowledge. The establishment of social interaction became the first or epistemological dimension between tacit and explicit knowledge. In this case, individuals convert the original knowledge into various types, hence coming up with new knowledge. Conclusively, the author identified four different types of converting knowledge (Figure 1). These take account of Socialization, Externalization, Combination, and Internalization, which describes tacit to tacit; tacit to explicit; explicit to explicit, and explicit to tacit knowledge convers ion respectively. However, the

Essay about Kant, Hume or Aristotle Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

About Kant, Hume or Aristotle - Essay Example Hume’s opinion, what individuals strongly feel about as being good, right and moral is what actually defines what is right and what is wrong, as opposed to them feeling obliged to do something right without their will just because it is thought to be the right thing. If we analyze both these arguments in isolation, they are both valid to an extent. However, from the perspective of morality, Kant’s categorical imperatives formulate a stronger argument than Hume’s teachings. Starting from the basics, Kant’s critique of Hume’s theories has led him to label them as not really moral theories on the grounds that they do not give an individual a sense of direction as to what he actually is supposed (â€Å"ought†) to do under a particular situation. If we go a little deeper and start by understanding what a moral theory is supposed to do then we can either justify or nullify Kant’s criticism. Morality, in a very descriptive context refers to a set of rules put forward either by a society, religion or conferred upon an individual upon himself by himself. However, on the normative side, morality is a set of rules that is agreed upon by all individuals unanimously (Gert, 2011)1. Under this definition, we can vividly see that Kant’s criticism is in perfect synchronization with his arguments against Hume’s teachings since the normative definition of morality, is more or less a variant of Kant’s categorical imperativ es. If on the other hand, Kant would have based his argument on some grounds other than morality, then it might have been easier to refute his ideology. Kant stresses that human beings are given the status of God’s most supreme creations for their ability to reason. It is this ability to reason which differentiates human beings from animals and other creations of God. A man tries to come to a conclusion after putting some thought into the process and weighing some pros and cons, that is the point of differentiation between a man and the rest of

The Korean War Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Korean War - Essay Example Needless to say, all these great cultural symbols are very much part of the common civilization of the Korean people. The Korean people are still haunted by the specter of the Korean War, which they found in the interests of their imperialist masters. There still exist chances for unification of the Korea as wished by many millions of Koreans through reconciliation and remorse. The Korean War and its After Waves The degradation of Korean monarchy and its subsequent destruction by Japanese imperialism lies at the root of the problems in the Korean peninsula. The Korean liberation from the clutches of Japanese imperialism was the first real opportunity to be one under the labels of singular national culture and unified national language. Importantly, both the Korean language and cultural national identity were being systematically destroyed under Japanese tutelage. According to Pihl, â€Å"many Koreans saw the 1945 Liberation as the first opportunity in their history to be truly Korea n in their own land† (79). One of the primary aims of the national liberation of Korea was to establish a single body of Korean literature based on newly found self awareness. But, the beginning of the civil war again blocked the free development of the Korean literature and there emerged not a single body of literature but a South Korean literature and North Korean literature. The emergence of South Korea and North Korea as a result of the division of nation was not characterized by the founding of two new distinct nations as such. On the other hand, the newly formed two countries were equally the distorted versions of a single nation. It is war that constituted the two countries, not any progressive or productive developments. It is interesting to note that [i]n Korean, the 1945 liberation is called Kwangbok, â€Å"Glorious Recovery†, but it was neither glorious nor a recovery and, worse, it was capped by an internecine war of horrifically compressed violence that spe ared no corner of the country† (Pihl, 82). The national awareness which was a product of the national liberation in 1945 unfortunately did not last long as aspired by millions of Koreans. As the divisions between the two parts of the country widened, it reflected as emptiness in the national cultural as well. â€Å"The most ironic formative experience of the 20th century for Korean literature began with Liberation on August 15, 1945. Koreans regained a country that had been lost to Japanese imperialism, only to lose it again to Russian and American imperialism† notes the well-known Korean literary commentator Pihl (82). The Korean civil war had multiple reasons for come to existence. It was the direst result of the division of the country in the August 1945. It was America that played the prominent role in dividing the Korea and there established a colonial authority which was composed of comprador Koreans. After that, the former Soviet Union too played a crucial role i n keeping the division between two Koreas intact as it was necessary for ‘building socialism’ regardless of the basic unity and integrity of the Korean civilization. Thirdly, the internal divisions among the Koreans also have its due share in the division of the country as perpetuated by the ruling elites. The dialectical irony is that, as elaborated by the well-known theorist Cumings, â€Å"

Toyota marketing Essay Example for Free

Toyota marketing Essay 3. TOYOTA HAS BUILT HUGE MANUFACTURING COMPANY THAT CAN PRODUCE MILLIONS OF CARS EACH YEAR FOR A WIDE VIRIETY OF CONSUMERS. WHY WAS IT ABLE TO GROW SO MUCH BIGGER THAN OTHER AUTO MANUFACTURERS? SUBSTANTIATE YOUR ANSWER BY PROVIDING CONCRETE MEASURES OR INTERVENTIONS THAT TOYOTA HAS DONE OR HAS BEEN DOING. Toyota was the first company to introduce lean manufacturing and total quality management practices in production of cars. For some time, the company was the only practitioner of these practices and had the lowest manufacturing and production costs worldwide. Toyota currently sells about 70 different models of cars under its namesake brand. Because they are the market car leader, they are in need to produce large number of cars that will be sold worldwide. The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The TPS organizes manufacturing and logistics for the automobile manufacturer, including interaction with suppliers and customers. The system is a major precursor of the more generic lean manufacturing. Taiichi Ohno, Shigeo Shingo and Eiji Toyoda developed the system between 1948 and 1975. Originally called just-in-time production, it builds on the approach created by the founder of Toyota, Sakichi Toyoda, his son Kiichiro Toyoda, and the engineer Taiichi Ohno. This system, more than any other aspect of the company, is responsible for having made Toyota the company it is today. Toyota has long been recognized as a leader in the automotive manufacturing, and production industry. The principles underlying the TPS are embodied in The Toyota Way. According to external observers, the Toyota Way has four components: 1. Long-term thinking as a basis for management decisions 2. A process for problem-solving 3. Adding value to the organization by developing its people 4. Recognizing that continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning The underlying principles, called the Toyota Way, it have been outlined by Toyota as follows: 1. Continuous Improvement a) Challenge (We form a long-term vision, meeting challenges with courage and  creativity to realize our dreams.) b) Kaizen (We improve our business operations continuously, always driving for innovation and evolution.) c) Genchi Genbutsu (Go to the source to find the facts to make correct decisions.) d) 2. Respect for People a) Respect (We respect others, make every effort to understand each other, take responsibility and do our best to build mutual trust.) b) Teamwork (We stimulate personal and professional growth, share the opportunities of development and maximize individual and team performance.) 3. Long-term philosophy a) Base your management decisions on a long-term philosophy, even at the expense of short-term financial goals. 4. The right process will produce the right results a) Create continuous process flow to bring problems to the surface. b) Use the pull system to avoid overproduction. c) Level out the workload (heijunka). (Work like the tortoise, not the hare.) d) Build a culture of stopping to fix problems, to get quality right from the first. e) Standardized tasks are the foundation for continuous improvement and employee empowerment. f) Use visual control so no problems are hidden. g) Use only reliable, thoroughly tested technology that serves your people and processes. 5. Add value to the organization by developing your people and partners 1. Grow leaders who thoroughly understand the work, live the philosophy, and teach it to others. 2. Develop exceptional people and teams who follow your companys philosophy. 3. Respect your extended network of partners and suppliers by challenging them and helping them improve. 6. Continuously solving root problems drives organizational learning a) Go and see for yourself to thoroughly understand the situation (Genchi Genbutsu) b) Make decisions slowly by consensus, thoroughly considering all options (Nemawashi); implement decisions rapidly; c) Become a learning organization through relentless reflection (Hansei)

Dickens And Eliots Critiques On Industrialization English Literature Essay

Dickens And Eliots Critiques On Industrialization English Literature Essay Charles Dickens and George Eliot are both writers whose novels had a very significant impact on nineteenth century Victorian readers. Dickens A Christmas Carol and Eliots Silas Marner were written during the time of the Industrial Revolution in England and it opened peoples eyes to the negative effects that the revolution was having on common society. The authors saw industrialization as a loss of individualism and a time where people were being treated like machines by the cruelty of utilitarianism. It was destroying the nature and the human values that rural Victorian communities once held. Through these novels, Dickens and Eliot exemplify how the Victorian instance on industry and the greed of money hardens the hearts of the wealthy and physically and emotionally oppresses the less wealthy; thus, shattering the human spirit, threatening relationships, and breaking the bonds of community. Dickens passionately portrays his opposition to the Industrial Revolution in A Christmas Carol. He exposes and makes others aware of the inhumane environments and nature that the poor were subject to during the industrial phase of the nation. The novel begins with an introduction to Scrooge and describes him as a tight-fisted hand at the grindstoneà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a squeezing, wrenching, grasping, scraping, clutching, covetous old sinner! Hard and  sharp  as flint, from which no steel had ever struck out generous fire; secret, and self-contained, and solitary as an oyster. (Dickens 40) This description of Scrooge sets up the reader to understand the characteristics of some the wealthy people of the time. He is compared to physical objects which are not capable of any emotion or feeling, and therefore illustrates him as being very inhuman. Scrooge is portrayed as very capable of breaking peoples spirits with his cruel words and actions. When the portly gentlemen approach Scrooge to ask him for a donation for the poor, he responds by saying that he cant afford to make idle people merry and that its not his business to help the unfortunate (Dickens 45). There is great irony in his words as he can very well afford to do anything he wants, being the very wealthy man and creditor he was. The fact that he states that the matter has nothing to do with his business is very untrue as he would not even be in business were it not for the lower class citizens making him all the money he was accumulating. This dialogue shows that Scrooge is almost feared in society  due to his status and the unkindness that comes with it. Dickens portrays the harsh reality of Scrooge and those of his class early in the novel to cause readers to react and to look forward to seeing how the character changes throughout the novel; thus exemplifying h ow they can change as well. Scrooge destroys any attempt by his nephew to build a relationship with him. He is so preoccupied with his greed for money that he doesnt realize that it is the very thing that is making him miserable. Although Scrooges nephew is poorer than him, he pleads with his uncle saying, I want nothing from you; I ask nothing of  you; why cannot we be friends? (Dickens 43). Dickens illustrates here that people are not even after Scrooge for his money, but merely want him to be open to the idea interpersonal relationships and happiness. Clearly, industry makes the rich richer, however, it also destroys their ability to be truly content with what they have. It makes them ignore the need for human relationships and begins to transform the wealthy into heartless people. The character of Scrooge denies any ties to the community and strives to live for himself alone. The spirits remind Scrooge that he used to be full of joy before he let industry in his way of happiness.  At the thought of the poor dying due to lack of necessities, Scrooge replies, If they would rather dieà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦they had better do it, and decrease the surplus population (Dickens 45). This attitude towards community did not exist before industrialization as people worked together and depended on each other for support. Here, Dickens exemplifies the selfishness that comes along with industry. It all comes down to self accomplishment, and the wealthy continue to strive for more wealth at the cost of the lives and happiness of others. Dickens mentions the Poor Law and requests for people to recognize the difficulty of those whom the law has put out of place and driven into poverty. He expresses the responsibility that society has to provide for them compassionately. In his novel , Dickens puts forward that this materialistic, cruel society driven by industry can be reformed by becoming a more generous society that values the human life more than material wealth. As he proves with the character of Scrooge, it ultimately results in the joy and success of the society as a whole rather than the depression of the wealthy and the oppression of the poor. Eliot presents her Silas Marner and critiques industrialization similar to the ways in which Dickens opposes it with his novel. She is drawn to the pre-industrial values and attempts to prove that love of others is ultimately more rewarding than love of money. She does this through the character of Silas Marner, who becomes obsessed with the wealth he earns for his work and begins hoarding it, using it as little of it as possible. Just as Dickens does with his description of Scrooge, Eliot describes Marner using physical objects that are incapable of any feeling or emotion: Strangely Marners face and figure shrank and bent themselves into a constant mechanical relation to the objects of his life, so that he produced the same sort of impression as a handle or a crooked tube, which has no meaning standing apart. The prominent eyes that used to look trusting and dreamy, now looked as if they had been made to see only one kind of thing that was very small, like tiny grain, for which they hunted everywhere; and he was so withered and yellowà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Eliot 25) Here, Silas is described as looking like a handle or a crooked tube. It is difficult to imagine someones physique as looking like this and it therefore, shows how much he has let his body degrade because of his love for money. Silas also serves an indicator of industry in the rural village of Raveloe as his life is degraded to the status of a machine. His ability to see only one kind of thingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦for which they hunted everywhere shows that Silas can only see one thing in his life-money. His work and his wealth is the only thing that drives him in life. Although it is costing him his health and is prematurely aging him, he is blinded by industry to seeing anything but his profit. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦he had five bright guineas put into his hand; no man expected a share of them, and he loved no man that he should offer him a shareà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦it was pleasant to him to feel them in his palm, and look at their bright faces, which were all his own: it was another element of life, like the weaving and the satisfaction of hungerà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Eliot 23) Silas sees his wealth as gratifying as satisfying his hunger. Comparing the accumulation of wealth to a necessity such as food shows that money is what his whole life is about and nothing, including his health, matters as much. This portrays the machine-like lifestyle that comes along with industrialization. Just as machines are only seen for the labour they produce and need nothing in return, some people such as Silas feel the same way as they dont care for their physical needs but only look to increase their material wealth. Eliot uses the characters Godfrey and Dunstan to portray the way in which industrialization and the greed for money can corrupt and break relationships. These two wealthy brothers use each other and others to take advantage of any selfish wish they can claim. Dustan blackmails and bribes Godfrey to accumulate more wealth from him for his own selfish love of gambling and drinking. Godfrey on the other hand, allows his first wife and daughter to suffer due to his ignorance and moral cowardice. Although they have more wealth than most in Raveloe could ever dream of, that craving for an infinite amount of wealth that comes with industrialization corrupts all the relationships these brothers have with others. Dunstan ends up dying without experiencing his saved wealth and Godfrey is left to live a life of regret as he is unable to have children with his second wife and unable to get back his real daughter Eppie. Eliot demonstrates that these relationships are more valuable than wealth but those that ignorant to it, end up losing the relationships. Silas is shown as choosing his relationship to Eppie over his loss of wealth. This however, brings about joy that wealth can never accomplish: Eh, my precious child, the blessing was mine. If you hadnt been sent to save me, I should ha gone to the grave in my misery. The money was taken away from me in time; and you see its been kept-kept till it was wanted for you. Its wonderful-our life is wonderful (Eliot 158). Silas dehumanized being is restored once Eppie enters his life and shows him what real happiness is. The gold had kept his thoughts in an ever-repeated circle, leading to nothing beyond itself; but Eppie was an object compacted of changes and hopes that forced his thoughts onwardà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦The gold had asked that he should sit weaving longer and longer, deafened and blinded more and more to all things except the monotony of his loom and the repetition of his web; but Eppie called him away from his weaving, and made him think all its pauses a holiday, reawakening his senses with her fresh life, even to the old winter-flies that came crawling forth in the early spring sunshine, and warming him into joy because  she  had joy. (123) This passage demonstrates the never-ending pattern of industrialization. It pulls people into a cycle that forces them to go around and around without any real purpose or gain. As they follow this cyclical pattern, they allow the physical body and their emotions to deteriorate. They continue to be deafened and blinded to the destruction that industry is causing in their lives and community. Life becomes a dark place without any sunshine or the warmth of love, as people become immune and ignorant to such things unless they pull out of the cycle. Eppie, in this case, pulls Silas out of this never-ending cycle into the light, where he can see properly again. The sense of community portrayed in the rural Raveloe is completely opposite to the industrialized place where Silas is originally from. In Raveloes trade-based community, every person plays a vital role in the success of the village. However, Silas and Eppie return to Lantern Yard, he finds that his entire community has vanished and that a large factory has been placed where the chapel one was. This is very significant because the chapel is the place where all different types of people gathered as one community. This sense of community is destroyed by the power of industrialization and completely gets rid of all the tradition, memories, and values the place once held. Eliots Victorian readers would have understood what Eliot was trying to accomplish through her novel. As Victorian society was already experiencing the impacts of industry during the time of the novel, they may have looked upon Raveloe and its sense of community as the image of what they had lost. The industrial landscape that came into existence with the revolution was frightening, destructive, and dehumanizing; destroying all the memories of the better past. Both Dickens A Christmas Carol and Eliots Silas Marner present industrialization as the inevitable leader to the dehumanization of labour, as workers are reduced to nothing more than machines and the amount of money that their work is worth. By presenting these novels to Victorian society, these authors attempted to educate and make aware the tremendous negative effects industry was having on the poors welfare, the happiness of the wealthy, and community bonds as a whole. An interesting aspect of both novels is that children are used in the redemption process of both characters: Scrooge says, It is good to be children sometimesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in regards to their reaction to Christmas (Dickens 229). Silas states, But yet men are led away from threatening destruction: a hand is put into theirs, which leads them forth gently towards a calm and bright land, so that they look no more backward; and the hand may be a little childs (Eliot 128). This is significant because although children a re exposed to industrialization in a different way, they choose to love, build relationships, and uplift the human spirit by default. And so, both authors present the idea that it is better to be like them. By presenting the reformation of Scrooge and Silas, these authors attempt to demonstrate that restoration is possible if people are willing to get out of the cyclical pattern of industrialization and return to the pre-industrial values of society.

Human Cloning Essay -- essays papers

Human Cloning There are many opinions on the topic of cloning, particularly on the controversy of human cloning. Lots of people have many fears over if we should continue this form of study, whereas others think that this technology should be pushed forward with high hopes. However, no side should rule out the other, but instead, should compliment one another. Both arguments should be heard and acknowledged before any decision is made towards this new area of study. For example, many people think that their fears are unanswerable and should cause the absolute ban on cloning. Although many scientists are in the field of cloning, many other people have scientific reasons why this shouldn’t happen. One reason is that if a human clone were ever successfully made, it wouldn’t be an exact clone anyway; Einstein wasn’t smart solely because of his genes, but the environment that he was surrounded by. However, a positive side to this is that since another exact copy wouldn’t be made, another Hitler could also not be created, as many may fear. In fact, twins are closer to one another that any clone that could be made because of a seemingly special bond created during pregnancy. New techniques are also feared, such as with Dolly. Another group of reasons concern Dolly. Originally an attempt at creating a sheep that produced a special quality of milk, Dolly was created from a group led by Dr. Ian Wilmut at the Roslin Institute in Scotland on July 5, 1996. They used a different method for mammals than used previously by starving the pre-cloned cells into hibernation, and then using nuclear transfer (copying the nucleus of the cell). Some say that if we continue with cloning, it would be extremely risky, because it is known that it took 277 tries to create Dolly. However, bans have been made to prohibit public uses of cloning. It is also known that Dolly was born with short telomeres. Telomeres power the successful reproduction and division of cells, and are found in the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of genes found in chromosomes. When she was tested, it was discovered that her telomeres were shorter than other non-cloned sheep her age. However, scientists say that this mistake could be useful for treatment of cancer. By giving cancer cells in the body short telomeres and putting them back into the body, other cancer cells would be infected, and would die qui... ...ning should not happen if it endangers any living being or if it causes loss of respect for the lives of humans and animals. This new technology has the power to do some very serious damage to mankind. On the other hand, the positive possibilities are staggering, and with the correct precautions, cloning will become a very powerful force in the scientific world as you know it. Bibliography: â€Å"Cloned Baby of Dead son in the Works.† The Province 18 Feb. 2001: A p.37. â€Å"Cloned DNA a Cure for Rare Immune.† The Vancouver Sun 23 Dec. 1998: B p.6. Cloning. (Online). Available http://members.tripod.com/~cloning/intro.htm, March 15, 2001. History of Cloning. (Online). Available http://vparker.home.texas.net/Thinkquest/Manipulating/Experimentation/Cloning/longdoc.htm, March 15, 2001. Hyde, Margaret O., and Lawrence E. Hyde. Cloning and the new Genetics. U.S.: Enslow, 1984. Jeffens, David. Cloning: Frontiers of Genetic Engineering. Ontario: Megatech, 1999. â€Å"Monkeys Cloned in Oregon.† The Province 3 Mar. 1997: A p.13. â€Å"More ORE. Cloned Monkeys on Way.† The Province 4 Mar. 1997: A p.18. Pollack, Robert. â€Å"Beyond Cloning.† The New York Times 17 Nov. 1993: A p.27.

Curley in Of Mice and Men Essay

Curley is the son of the ranch boss. He is portrayed as a small, semi-privileged man with a very short temper and something of an inferiority complex. He is always itching for a scuffle and is constantly seeking the opportunity to prove himself on the ranch among other bigger, â€Å"better† men. From the moment we are introduced to Curley we discover this, due to the way in which he acts when he meets George and Lennie, â€Å"His eyes passed over the new men and he stopped. He glanced coldly at George and then at Lennie. His arms gradually bent at the elbows and his hands closed into fists. He stiffened and went into a slight crouch. † This illustrates that he is not mentally secure about himself, and quickly goes into a poised posture as if he is willing to lash out on the two new men to prove his manliness and authority. After a deliberately elongated stare down, Curley speaks but in short menacing sentences. â€Å"You the new guys the old man was waitin’ for? And when George is the only one to reply he quickly retorts in a provocative manner â€Å"Let the big guy talk† Once again this justifies the fact that Curley is insecure and is always trying to prove himself as the alpha male on the ranch, so he tries doing so by badmouthing Lennie as he feels that by doing so he will be regarded as strong, manly and valiant. When Lennie refuses to speak the situation hastily increase due to Curley’s short temper. Unlike most other characters in the story Curley is probably the only one that does not develop much over the course of the book but he stands out as a character with whom the author simply does not sympathize. While everyone else is struggling, Curley’s busy picking fights and trying to throw his weight around his dad’s ranch. He seems outside of the economic struggle and even the personal struggle of the Depression. Curley’s the kind of jerk you need in contrast to the other characters, so he maintains this â€Å"bad† reputation with the reader from the beginning right to the end. The next encounter with Curley is in chapter 3 when all the men are in the bunkhouse. Curley is clearly frustrated and agitated by the fact that he can’t find his wife, a sign of weakness and lack of authority, and when he is told that Slim is at the barn he rushes out and starts interrogating him but when Slim shows that he is in control, Curley’s fake ego is quickly shattered and it is obvious that he is quickly forced back into his place. â€Å"Well, I didn’t mean nothing, Slim. I just ast you. † But Curley being the short fused jerk hat he is could not just leave it there and in a matter of seconds he is all up on Lennie punching him in the face. He did this because he evidently lost the argument with Slim and knowing Lennie’s friendly, unaggressive nature finds him the best solution to blow of some steam, as well as prove his dominance by overpowering a huge, defenseless man. But once Lennie retaliates and breaks Curley’s puny hand he finally realizes that he has lost twice and he should just leave it there. Our final encounter with Curley is when his wife is killed by Lennie. It is apparent that he does not care about the death of his wife and is simply too absorbed into his own world were only he and his reputation matter. â€Å"Curley- maybe you better stay here with your wife† â€Å"I’m goin, I’m gonna shoot the guts out of the big bastard myself† This shows that the death of his wife is not very significant, but gaining fame and revenge by shooting the man that killed her would seem far more favorable, it would certainly be more manly than staying back and weeping over a dead female.

Speech-Language Pathologists

School Speech-Language Pathologists Hayley K. Mason Ball State University School Speech-Language Psychologists Speech-language pathologists began their impact in schools in 1910 in the Chicago public school systems. These programs commenced due to educators acknowledging how speech and hearing problems affected performance in the classroom. Today, 55% of all speech-language pathologists (SLPs) work in the school systems, 95. 5% of those being females (Plante & Beeson, 2008). They are required to perform a vast array of important tasks.They determine, diagnose, treat, and assist in preventing disorders related to speech, communication, language, and fluency. According to a study done by Plante and Beeson (2008), their caseloads may accommodate multiple handicapped children or those with distinguishing speech and language hindrances. Their work is in-depth and very meticulous. School speech-language pathologists administer distinctive diagnostic tests to help recognize the particul ar area of complications a child encounters. The child may face problems with stuttering, fluency, swallowing, articulation of words, or many other serious cases.Once the impairment of a student is recognized, they write an individualized education plan (IEP). This is comprised of a set of simple goals and objectives for each of their students throughout the duration of the school year. They may work with the students individually, in a small group, or with an entire classroom to accomplish these goals (Plante & Beeson, 2008). Each school day has a fixed number of allotted time slots for a school SLP. It must be filled with activities mandated by the state, federal laws, or local education problems and procedures (â€Å"Executive summary: A,† 2003).If needed, they may work with other professionals to help treat children. Classroom teachers can aid in sharing with the speech-language pathologist what the child’s struggles with in the classroom. Audiologists and scho ol speech-language pathologists work side-by-side in many cases determining the problems and best treatment fort he child. Occupational therapists, physical therapists, child psychologists, and special education teachers also work together to evaluate a student. Joint evaluation of a child speeds up the process and allows for a diagnosis and treatment methods to be put in place sooner.It is also a benefit because all of these professionals have experience working with this particular population (Plante & Beeson, 2008). Caseloads, not to be confused with workloads, are typically defined as the number of students with IEPs that school SLPs serve directly and/or indirectly. However, in some school districts it might also include those students whom do not have identified disabilities but still receive assistance (â€Å"Executive summary: A,† 2003). By ASHA’s recommendation, the maximum caseload for a school SLP should be no more than 40 students.However, the results f rom the study completed by Katz, Maag, Fallon, Blenkarn, and Smith (2010) suggest that it is typical for a caseload to fluctuate between 45 and 59 students. Too many caseloads can put too much added pressure on a school SLP, causing them to become less satisfied with their job. Job satisfaction is characterized as an attitudinal variable estimating the degree to which employees are pleased by their jobs and the miscellaneous aspects of their jobs (Edgar & Rosa-Lugo, 2007). Speech-language pathologists exceeding 40 caseloads expressed significantly less satisfaction with their career choice.They felt pressured by lack of time in completing assessments compared to those with fewer caseloads (Katz, Maag, Fallon, Blenkarn & Smith, 2010). Most employees’ voice that having reliable coworkers, enough time to get work done, and a friendly supervisor all contribute to higher job satisfaction. This in turn correlates to their likelihood to remain in the profession (Katz et al, 2010). Those who have been in the profession for a greater number of years have a higher job satisfaction than those who are just starting out.Although, they are often unsatisfied with their opportunity for promotion or advancement in the field, fellow coworkers, pay and pay rises, and their primary supervisor (Edgar & Rosa-Lugo, 2007). Despite some downfalls, school speech-language pathology is a fast growing career. Numerous states across the United States have undergone a significant net gain in population. Immigration levels are on the rise in states such as New York, Florida, Minnesota, California, and Texas. Thus, increasing the number of speech-language pathologists needed in school districts (Edgar & Rosa-Lugo, 2007). There will be a larger demand for speech-language athologists that specialize with certain age groups, especially school-age children. Currently, there are approximately 54,120 speech-language pathologists working in private and public school systems. B y 2020, that number is expected to increase by more than 12,000 employed school speech-language pathologists (U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2012). There are countless benefits that are enticing more people into the field. Mothers (and sometimes fathers) of school-age children enjoy that their working hours are very similar to their children’s schedules. They can work full-time and still get their child off the school bus everyday.Majority of school SLPs (93%) only work 9-10 months out of the year, allowing them to have the summers off to spend with their families but still be paid on an annual basis (Brook, 2012). Generous benefit packages are usually offered, including health, dental, and vision insurance programs and maternity leave. Furthermore, the salary of a school speech-language pathologist also definitely has its advantages. Salary fluctuates depending on years of experience, geographic location, and type of school system. According to the results of a study done by Brook (2012), the median earning of a school speech-language pathologist was around $58,000.Those who work in the Northeast region have a higher median income those who work in alternative regions of the country, especially the South and Midwest. By working in a suburban or metropolitan area, school SLPs are likely to make about $10,000 more than those working in rural areas. Secondary and elementary school speech-language pathologists generally have a higher income than those who work with in preschools. Those with 28 years of experience or more made up to $25,000 more than those first starting out in the profession (Brook, 2012). A range fluctuating between 88% and 94% of school SLPs were paid on an annual basis. .

Change Initiative Paper Essay

Introduction Perhaps one of the greatest triumphs in United States history, World War II was essentially ended upon the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima. The boom heard around the world was not the only important outcome but rather what came after which was the baby boom. Many weary husbands that were coming home to eager wives caused one of the biggest statistical jumps of birth rates following the war. Often referred to as the â€Å"baby boomers†, this generation becomes especially important to the medical field in the present day. This is where hospice comes into play, allowing individuals the choice of obtaining this benefit upon reaching a 6 month or less terminal diagnosis. Hospice gives the individual a chance to die comfortably in a nursing facility, a general impatient hospital, or their own home. As an individual who used to work for Vitas Innovative Hospice, I ran the Telecare department which was responsible for the after-hours phone lines available to the patients and families. Patient Care Secretaries were assigned to handle calls and create tickets based on the customer needs whether it is a symptom or equipment failure. Nurses were similar, however, they were to receive the call from the secretary or call back the patient in order to triage the symptom properly. Vitas Telecare must adapt to be ready for the incoming flux of new patients from not only the baby boomers but from future generations to come. The Need for Change The change to be delivered is not a specific target but rather a broad change to efficiency to maximize profits while still maintaining Vitas’ core values â€Å"patients and families come first†. In the past decade, hospice in general has been coming under fire for keeping patients too long in their services should their prognosis improve. According to the Union Tribune, it was announced on February 13 of 2013; San Diego Hospice had filed bankruptcy and closed due to the Medicare audits that investigated patient eligibility. This type of publicity not only brought a negative light upon San Diego hospice but all across San Diego including Vitas. While the change may not come too easily, steps must be taken toward reshaping the public view in order to regain their trust to put their loved ones into Vitas services. Additionally, with the economy still not in a great state, lack of efficiency is costing the company. As the Patient Care Administrator of Telecare, I was responsible for maintaining a smooth flow of calls without tying up the customers on hold for too long. One of the biggest flaws that contributed to high call volume was the lack of both communication and following of scheduled breaks. Too often, employees were all taking lunches or breaks around the same time creating a heavy back up of calls as the only remaining employees could not handle them all. Vitas recently implanted a break management system called Workforce Management that not only observes peak and down call flow, but also manages break times accordingly to maximize efficiency. The problem, however, is the lack of employee discipline to follow the suggested break times. Several changes must be enacted including following of Workforce Management, focus on customer service, and continued efforts towards preparing for the future. The Change Model One of the most influential men today, John Kotter from Harvard Business School developed the Kotter’s Eight-Step Change Model as the most effective way to implement a change within an organization. The eight steps in order is as follows: create urgency, form a powerful coalition, create a vision for change, communicate the vision, remove obstacles, create short-term wins, build on the change, and anchor the changes in corporate culture. Kotter believed following these steps in the correct order created long lasting and successful change in any business if done correctly. This change model was selected based on several factors including success rate, concrete order of directions, and its ability to build upon existing success. The Role of the Leader in the Change Initiative In order for this success to commence, there are several leaders that must be in place during this re-creation of the Telecare department. The most important idea to realize is that everyone plays a part and that the leaders are just there to lead by example. This must be reiterated time and time again to assure the employees that everyone is included regardless of position. Sometimes during change, individuals feel left out just purely out  of their position in the matter or not being notified of everything going on. In order for employees to buy in initially, a sense of belonging must be established. The several leaders other than the Patient Care Administrator (PCA) would include supervisors under the PCA, a senior Patient Care Secretary (PCS) and a senior triage Registered Nurse (RN). The supervisor would walk around throughout the shift to make sure breaks and lunches are being followed as well as address any concerns of any of the employees. The senior PCS and senior RN would be in charge of holding a pre-shift meeting prior to taking the phone calls making sure to reiterate important do’s and do not’s of the job. Anytime employees of the same discipline would have a question, they could address it to their senior. Finally, the role of PCA is to assist the supervisors or seniors in any way or if any individual needs additional help. Meetings lead by the PCA must be held monthly to address progress and award individuals for their hard work. Process of Change As mentioned above, adopting Kotter’s Eight Step Change Model requires a strict following of the steps in order to generate long term change success. The first order of business is to establish a sense of urgency among all the employees in Telecare. A meeting would be called by the PCA in order to introduce the concept of the change and the reasons behind it. The meeting will be mandatory but also offer food and beverages or even encourage a potluck to involve them. Several concerns for the company would start broad pointing out how hospitals are starting their own hospices and continue to threaten the current status quo of Vitas. A good example would be Scripps Hospice or Sharp Hospice. Additionally, address the economic downturn that has not improved too much over the last decade and that job security is a must due to the depleting social security funds. Lastly, ask individuals one by one why they work this job, what is important to them and what can they do to help it. Next is to create a guiding coalition to direct others in the right direction towards the change. Change can be chaotic but when directed others will follow. As stated earlier, there is no hierarchy of bosses but rather a string of leaders to drive and lead by example. Employees must know that the supervisors and seniors are there to encourage them and address any problems they may come across during a phone call. For example, a PCS receives an angry caller and ends up becoming frustrated themselves so they put the caller on hold. Rather than allow the PCS to continue the call, the senior PCS could take the call and allow the PCS to take a short break to gather their thoughts. The beginning of the change is all about employee buy in. After the initial shock of starting the change, another meeting would be called to describe and communicate the vision, hoping that previous efforts have started to get employees to buy into the change. The main purpose of the change is to keep Vitas strong and competitive among other rising hospices by superior customer service and employees that we ll taken care of especially for their hard work. The next step requires others to empower the broad based change, meaning that every individual must feel like they are always involved and an important aspect of the process. The constant reiteration of this by the seniors and supervisors should continue this effort. If a pre-shift is finished early, the seniors may ask individuals about their daily lives and allow them to connect with each other. Working alone is a preference for some but being able to come to work with friends just gives them another incentive. Kotter’s next step is planning for and creating short-term wins. If there is something that causes an individual to work hard, it’s something they want. The PCA should create an incentive system based on an individual’s consistency and dedication. This all depends on the discipline since a PCS does not handle the medical work of a RN. An example of an incentive for a PCS would be a small raise for having a consistently high calls answered through several months. Additionally, an RN would receive a small raise based on customer satisfaction surveys or recommendation from a supervisor for observation of great work. The last two steps involve improving on previous successes and maintaining a bar by addressing the state of the call center every monthly meeting. Awards should be continued to recognize individual efforts but also continued awareness of each employee’s efforts. Overcoming Barriers to Change and Sustaining Change There will be always some resistance to change despite the hardest efforts but there are several ways that will encourage a shift. One reason a person works is for the money to pay and enjoy the lifestyle they have chosen. With the incentive already addressing this through incremental raises, employees should continue to look for ways to be consistent and work hard. Additionally, many people have families, personal days or things they would  like to do on certain days. Vitas may address this through hiring of employees in order to be flexible with schedules. Lastly, in order to feel involved, the PCA should look to meet with individual employees to communicate the vision and address any concerns they may have. Sustaining change requires the efforts of everyone including the PCA. Continued reinforcement means fixing problems as they appear or prepping for future conflicts. Conclusion Despite the new technology to save more and more lives daily, so too does the technology to destroy them. E-cigarettes and processed foods are just to name a few. Vitas Hospice should be ready for the many years to come and the health problems that cause terminal diagnosis’ to arise. With this change in place, Vitas will be ready. References Sisson, P. (2014). SD Hospice to Close; Scripps Steps in. Union Tribune. Retrieved September 9, 2014, from http://www.utsandiego.com/news/2013/feb/13/san-diego-hospice-closing/Webster, M. (2014). Successful Change Management – Kotter’s 8-Step Change Model. Retrieved September 9, 2014, from http://www.leadershipthoughts.com/kotters-8-step-change-model/